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Buyer's guide

22K vs 18K gold jewellery

What the karat numbers actually mean, which is right for your purchase, and how the two differ on price, durability, and resale — explained simply by a working Rajkot jeweller.

By Mayurbhai Vasoya · Last updated

22K gold is 91.6% pure, stamped 916 by BIS, and carries the deep yellow tone of traditional Indian jewellery — it is the right choice for bridal and heirloom pieces, jadau, meenakari, and any design meant to hold its gold value over decades. 18K gold is 75% pure, stamped 750, and is harder — making it the correct metal for diamond settings, white gold, rose gold, and contemporary daily-wear pieces that prioritise durability over raw gold content.

01 · Quick answer

22K gold

  • 91.6% pure gold — BIS stamp: 916
  • Deep rich yellow tone, traditional Indian look
  • Softer — suited to hand-finished and jadau work
  • Higher intrinsic gold value per gram

18K gold

  • 75% pure gold — BIS stamp: 750
  • Harder alloy — available in yellow, white, and rose
  • Required for diamond prong settings
  • Better scratch resistance for daily wear

02 · What karat actually means

“Karat” (abbreviated K or kt) measures the proportion of pure gold in an alloy, expressed as parts out of 24. Pure gold is 24K — but 24K is too soft for most jewellery because it bends and scratches immediately under everyday handling. Adding other metals (silver, copper, palladium, zinc) increases hardness while reducing the pure gold fraction.

KaratBIS hallmark stampGold purityCommon use in India
24K99999.9%Gold coins, bars — not wearable jewellery
22K91691.6%Bridal gold, traditional jewellery, heirlooms
18K75075.0%Diamond jewellery, white gold, rose gold, daily wear
14K58558.5%Fashion jewellery, export pieces — less common in India
BIS hallmark karat stamps — these numbers are stamped on every hallmarked piece. Check them on bis.gov.in.

The alloys added to gold are not arbitrary. For 22K yellow gold, small amounts of silver and copper are added — preserving the warm yellow tone while adding enough hardness for detailed hand-finishing. For 18K white gold, palladium or nickel is added to shift the colour, and then rhodium-plating is applied for the bright white finish. For 18K rose gold, a higher copper ratio creates the characteristic warm pink tone.

For a detailed walkthrough of how to read and verify a BIS hallmark stamp on a piece you own or are considering buying, see our guide on how to read a BIS hallmark.

03 · When to choose 22K

22K is the dominant karat for jewellery in Gujarat and across most of India — and for good reason. The high gold content means the piece carries more intrinsic value per gram, the colour is the deep warm yellow that pairs with Indian textiles and traditional design vocabularies, and the softness that comes with high purity actually helps the hand-finishing techniques that define Indian craftsmanship.

  • Bridal and heirloom pieces. Any piece intended to be passed down — mangalsutra, the main necklace set, kadas — should be 22K. Higher purity means higher intrinsic gold value that holds across generations regardless of design fashion changes.
  • Jadau and meenakari work. These traditional techniques require the softer 22K alloy — the karigars hammer uncut (polki) diamonds and precious stones directly into the gold foil setting, which requires a metal that yields to hand-pressure without cracking. 18K is too hard for authentic jadau.
  • Gujarati mangalsutra and thushi styles. The traditional Gujarati double black-bead mangalsutra with flat locket, and the thushi necklace form from Maharashtra and south Gujarat, are both made in 22K. The designs predate 18K adoption in Indian markets and the aesthetic is inseparable from 22K yellow gold.
  • Higher resale gold value. When you sell or exchange a 22K piece, you get credit for 91.6% of the gross weight at the current gold rate. The same gross-weight piece in 18K gives you credit for 75%. For pieces bought primarily as long-term gold stores, 22K is the rational choice.

04 · When to choose 18K

18K is not a compromise — it is the correct specification for specific types of jewellery. The harder alloy protects diamonds and coloured stones in prong and channel settings far better than 22K can; white gold and rose gold are unavailable at 22K by nature; and the improved scratch resistance makes 18K yellow gold a more practical choice for pieces worn every day.

  • Diamond settings. Prong settings and pavé settings require a harder metal to hold the stone securely over years of wear. In 22K, prongs bend more easily, increasing the risk of stone loss. Every credible diamond jeweller — including us — sets diamonds in 18K or lower, never 22K.
  • Contemporary daily-wear pieces.A ring worn daily, a bracelet that sees desk work, a chain that catches on clothing — these benefit from 18K's better scratch resistance. The reduced gold content means lower raw-material cost, but the design and making charges often compensate for this in the final price.
  • White gold and rose gold. Both are exclusively 18K (or 14K) — there is no 22K white gold or rose gold. If the colour of the metal is central to your design choice, 18K is not optional, it is the only option.
  • Travel and occasion pieces. Lighter contemporary 18K pieces are increasingly popular for international travel — they are less visually heavy, hold up better in varied conditions, and the lower gold content reduces the loss if a piece is misplaced. Many buyers keep one or two 18K pieces specifically for travel.

05 · Price difference and resale

The raw material cost of a 22K piece is higher than an identical-weight 18K piece because it contains more gold per gram. But identical weight is rare in practice — 18K pieces often have heavier stone-setting work and higher making charges because the techniques used (pavé, micro-set diamond work) are labour-intensive. The actual price-per-piece comparison depends heavily on the design.

Raw material cost

At any given gold rate, a gram of 22K metal costs about 22% more in gold content than a gram of 18K metal (91.6% vs 75% pure). So a plain 10g chain in 22K will have a higher material cost than the same 10g chain in 18K. The jeweller's gold rate applies the karat-adjusted price — you pay for what is actually there.

Making charges

18K pieces with significant diamond work often carry higher making charges than plain 22K pieces. Prong-setting 30 diamonds in a ring is more labour-intensive than casting a plain gold ring. The making-charge gap between the karats narrows or reverses once stone-setting labour is factored in. Always ask for the making charge separately from the gold-value line on your bill.

Resale and exchange value

When you exchange or sell a piece, you receive the value of the net gold content at the current gold rate for that karat — not the original purchase price and not the design premium. A 22K piece gives you 916 parts per thousand of its weight in gold credit; an 18K piece gives you 750. Making charges are not returned on resale. This is standard practice across India: buy gold for the metal, not the making.

For a full breakdown of how jewellery bills should be structured and where to spot hidden markup, read our guide on gold making charges, explained.

Not sure which karat is right for your piece?

At our Mavdi Main Road showroom, we show you both karats side by side so you can see the colour and weight difference in person before deciding. Or browse our full collection filtered by metal.

06 · Frequently asked questions

  • Is 22K gold safe to wear daily in Rajkot's climate?

    22K is softer than 18K and scratches more easily, particularly in pieces that take regular friction — rings, bracelets, and bangles. For daily wear, lightweight 22K pieces like plain chains and small bangles are practical; heavy statement pieces and jadau work are better reserved for occasions. Rajkot's climate does not pose a corrosion risk to either karat — gold does not oxidise.

  • Why is most Indian bridal jewellery 22K rather than 24K?

    24K gold is 99.9% pure and too soft for wearable jewellery — it bends and dents immediately under normal handling. 22K is the highest practical karat for hand-finished Indian jewellery: soft enough for the detailed work of jadau and meenakari, hard enough to hold its shape during normal wear. 24K gold is best suited for coins and bars, not jewellery.

  • Does white gold tarnish or turn yellow over time?

    White gold is yellow gold alloyed with palladium or nickel to shift the colour, then rhodium-plated for the bright white finish you see in the showroom. The rhodium plating wears off gradually over years of wear — faster on rings, slower on pendants — revealing a slightly yellowish or grayish tint. Re-plating is a routine workshop service that takes 24-48 hours and restores the white finish completely.

  • Can I exchange 22K pieces for 18K ones at a jeweller?

    Yes. You receive credit for the net gold content of your 22K piece at the current 22K gold rate. That credit is applied against the new 18K piece. The karat difference affects the making-charge calculation but not the gold credit: you are credited for actual gold weight, valued at the karat-specific rate.

  • What does 916 mean on a gold piece?

    916 is the BIS hallmark karat indicator for 22K gold. The number comes from the calculation: 22 ÷ 24 = 0.9167, rounded to 916. It tells you that 91.6% of the piece by weight is pure gold. Similarly, 750 on an 18K piece means 75% pure gold (18 ÷ 24 = 0.75). These numbers are stamped directly on the metal as part of the mandatory BIS hallmarking process and can be verified at bis.gov.in.